![]() The regional and chronological fluctuations associated with the natural exposure to aeroallergens give rise to considerable inter-study variations when assessing the efficacy and onset of action of various drugs to treat SAR therefore, this study was conducted in the highly controlled environment of the Environmental Exposure Unit (EEU). Azelastine is believed to exert its effects through alteration of the activities of mast cells, eosinophils, and neutrophils and inhibition of the synthesis or expression of leukotrienes, kinins, cytokines, and chemokines. Numerous studies have demonstrated its ability to provide significant improvement in the symptoms of SAR compared to placebo. However, as SAR symptoms result from an interaction between inhaled allergens and IgE antibodies on mast cells located in the upper airway, it may be possible to achieve faster symptom relief through direct local delivery of a medication to the nasal tissues.Īzelastine is a second generation H 1-antihistamine that is currently marketed as a topically applied agent (i.e. Oral antihistamines are often the first line treatment administered for SAR. Seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) is an inflammatory disease characterized by multiple symptoms including sneezing, rhinnorhea, nasal congestion, nasal and nasopharyngeal itching, and has associated ocular symptoms such as itchy, watery and red/burning eyes. These results suggest that azelastine may be preferential to oral antihistamines for the rapid relief of SAR symptoms. The overall participant satisfaction in treatment with azelastine is comparable to cetirizine and statistically superior to loratadine. ConclusionsĪzelastine’s onset of action for symptom relief was faster than that of cetirizine and loratadine. The overall assessment of efficacy was rated as good or very good by 46% of the participants for azelastine, 51% of the participants for cetirizine, and 30% of the participants for loratadine compared to 18% of the participants for placebo. Azelastine, cetirizine, and loratadine reduced TNSS compared to placebo with an onset of action of 15 (p < 0.001), 60 (p = 0.015), and 75 (p = 0.034) minutes, respectively. ResultsĪzelastine displayed a statistically significant improvement in TNSS compared with placebo at all time points from 15 minutes through 6 hours post dose. The primary efficacy parameter was the onset of action as measured by the change from baseline in TNSS. Symptoms were evaluated using the total nasal symptom score (TNSS). Methodsħ0 participants, aged 18-65, were randomized to receive azelastine nasal spray, cetirizine, loratadine, or placebo after controlled ragweed pollen exposure in the EEU. The objective of this double-blind, four-way crossover study was to evaluate the onset of action of azelastine nasal spray, versus the oral antihistamines loratadine 10 mg and cetirizine 10 mg in the relief of the symptoms of SAR. The Environmental Exposure Unit (EEU) is a validated model of experimental SAR. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your physician or 911 immediately.Azelastine has been shown to be effective against seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR). By using this Site you agree to the following Terms and Conditions. We offer this Site AS IS and without any warranties. Never disregard the medical advice of your physician or health professional, or delay in seeking such advice, because of something you read on this Site. ![]() ![]() We disclaim all responsibility for the professional qualifications and licensing of, and services provided by, any physician or other health providers posting on or otherwise referred to on this Site and/or any Third Party Site. MedHelp is not a medical or healthcare provider and your use of this Site does not create a doctor / patient relationship. It is not intended to be and should not be interpreted as medical advice or a diagnosis of any health or fitness problem, condition or disease or a recommendation for a specific test, doctor, care provider, procedure, treatment plan, product, or course of action. The Content on this Site is presented in a summary fashion, and is intended to be used for educational and entertainment purposes only. ![]()
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